Thursday, 11 October 2018

integrated circuit - What's with the operating voltages: 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V, 1.8V, etc


Integrated circuits seem to have standard voltages of 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V. 1.8V...



  • Who decides these voltages?

  • Why do smaller devices require lower voltages?




Answer



New voltages have often been chosen to give some degree of compatibility with what came before them.


3V3 CMOS output levels were compatible with 5V TTL inputs, for example.


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