I have a 24VAC/60Hz solenoid. I used 12VDC just to try, and it worked good (well needless to say it worked as expected with 24VAC/60Hz).
What are the effects of a solenoid that's designed for AC running with DC? Applied force does not seem to be a problem in this case, so I think the main issue would be heat, as it is not running on the power source it was designed/optimized for. Technically speaking, what types of losses should be expected?
Answer
It's ampere-turns that produce the magnetic field to attract the moving part of a solenoid and operating at AC means the inductance of the coil comes into play and there is a limiting impedance restricting current. At DC the solenoid dc resistance may be very low and to get it to work correctly might mean operating it at quite low dc voltages compared to the ac operating voltage.
If you try running it at 24V dc it could easily burn-out so be careful. The dc voltage should be chosen so that the current is approximately the same as the RMS ac current at 24V AC.
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