I'm trying to analyse the circuit below (from Art of Electronics, 2nd edition, p. 96). What are the small signal input and output impedance of this emitter follower?
I can analyse an emitter follower, but I'm doing something wrong with the capacitor.
Answer
Here's how I would work out the input impedance.
At the frequencies of interest, consider C2 to be a wire.
Note then, that the output voltage appears at the bottom of R3 whilst the input voltage appears at the top.
Let the voltage gain of this circuit be $A_{CC} < 1$.
Then the voltage across R3 is $v_{in} - A_{CC}\ v_{in} = v_{in}(1 - A_{CC})$
The current through R3 is then $\dfrac{v_{in}(1 - A_{CC})}{R_3} $
Thus, to the input voltage source, R3 "looks" bigger by factor of $\dfrac{1}{1 - A_{CC}} $
Looking into the base of Q1, the impedance is approximately $(1 + \beta)\ (R_4||R_2||R_1 + r_e) $ where $r_e = \frac{V_T}{I_E} $.
Then, the input impedance is:
$r_{in} = \dfrac{R_3}{1 - A_{CC}} || \left[(1 + \beta)\ (R_4||R_2||R_1 + r_e) \right] $
Since the left hand term in the parallel combination is typically far larger than the right hand term, the input impedance is dominated by the right hand term, i.e.,
$r_{in} \approx (1 + \beta)\ (R_4||R_2||R_1 + r_e)$
For example, with $V_T = 25mV$ and $I_E = 1mA$, $r_e = 25 \Omega $ thus, with $R_4||R_2||R_1 = 833 \Omega $:
$r_{in} \approx (1 + \beta)\ 858 \Omega $
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