Sunday, 4 August 2019

How to find the output and input impedance of an amplifier



For example:


enter image description here


Vcc -> GND


capacitors -> wires


NPNs -> hi and current source


The schematic above becomes:


enter image description here


How can you find the output and the input impedance?


The answer in this case should be(output impedance):


enter image description here



I guess hi1=hi2 since it's the same transistor



Answer



There are two "tricks" to answering those questions with transistor amplifiers.


The first trick is to understand that the current-transfer ratio (hFE) of a transistor effectivly multiplies the resistance at its emitter. So, to find the impedance looking into the base, you calculate the effective resistance at its emitter, multiply this by hFE, and then add the internal base resistance.


The second trick is to realize that the result of the calculation above is typically orders of magnitude larger than the other resistances connected to the base of the transistor and can therefore be ignored. In other words, the input impedance of a transistor amplifier is usually very close to the impedance of its bias network alone. Indeed, bias networks are very often designed so that this is the case.


The output impedance is a question of how much the output voltage changes with output current: ΔV/ΔI. The transistor itself is essentially a current source, and whatever current it is passing is shared between the various resistances connected to the emitter. Therefore, the output impedance is equal to the net emitter resistance, not including the resistance of the external load.


No comments:

Post a Comment

arduino - Can I use TI's cc2541 BLE as micro controller to perform operations/ processing instead of ATmega328P AU to save cost?

I am using arduino pro mini (which contains Atmega328p AU ) along with cc2541(HM-10) to process and transfer data over BLE to smartphone. I...