I am learning on transmitters and input modules nowadays. But the usage of word 'ground' is confusing me. What does 'ground' mean there (earth or power supply common)?
If it is earth ground, why we need to do that? Just wiring to power supply common won't be enough? (Isn't it a real reference point of signal?) You can say it is to prevent having a floating signal, but what happens if power supply common is directly earth grounded? Also isn't it the nature of differential signal measuring to have a floating signal? If the input signal is differential and we make it earth grounded, won't it be like a single-ended signal?
If it should be earth grounded what happens if we don't wire it?
I also attached one example. What happens if I don't wire '-' of input signal to earth there?
Answer
Earth grounding is primarily used for safety and EMI reasons. There is no requirement for earth ground for a circuit to function properly. For example, cell phones are not earth grounded. Ground is a reference conductor that is used as a return path for signals. It is often thought of as a perfect conductor with zero resistance, but the reality is it has resistance and inductance that can cause the voltage to vary at different locations. Differential transmitters and receivers themselves are not usually floating, they are biased at some DC voltage relative to ground. The two ends of a differential channel can be at different ground potentials if the signal remains within the common mode range of the receiver, or DC isolation is provided, for example with capacitors or a transformer.
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