Monday, 18 December 2017

operational amplifier - Confused about exponential equation in First Order Integrator Circuit



I have a problem above, where the question goes as such:


I have a Miller Integrator Circuit as such:


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Now, I pass in a square wave pulse of 1V height and 1ms Width


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Now, I have a resistor of Rf = 1M ohm connected across C as shown above. According to book that I read, I can't seem to understand how the time constant or the exponential equation is derived as shown below:


enter image description here




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